Types of Data Transmission

In digital devices, there are two methods to transmit data

• Serial transmission: It sends one data bit at a time over a single channel.
• Parallel transmission: It can send multiple data bits at a time over multiple channels.

In serial data transfer, there are two basic types of data transmissions

• Synchronous Data Transmissions
• Asynchronous Data Transmissions

1.  Asynchronous Transmission

• In asynchronous transmission mode, the data is transmitted character by character.
• Irregular gaps between the characters
• It is less efficient and slower than synchronous transmission.
• It uses start (0) and stop (1) bits. Stop bit (1) is transmitted at the end of each character, which tells that the character is transmitted.
• Asynchronous transmission is also known as half-duplex.

2. Synchronous Transmission

• In synchronous transmission mode, the data is transmitted block by block.
• Each block consists of many characters.
• It uses the clock to control the timing of bits.
• It is faster than asynchronous because there is No gap between the characters.
• For example, computer-to-printer communication.
• Synchronous transmission mode is also known as Full-duplex.